FOTOD JA JOONISTUSED
PHOTOS AND DRAWINGS
2.1. ENNE KÜÜDITAMIST – KOMMUNISTIDE POOLT
HÄVITAMISELE MÄÄRATUD INIMESED
BEFORE THE DEPORTATION – THE PEOPLE WHO WERE
DESIGNATED TO BE DESTROYED BY COMMUNISTS
2.2. ESIMENE ASUMISPERIOOD 1941–1948
THE FIRST DEPORTATION PERIOD 1941–1948
2.3. TEINE ASUMISPERIOOD 1948–1958
THE SECOND DEPORTATION PERIOD 1948–1958
2.4. TAGASI KODUMAAL
BACK AT HOMELAND
2.1. ENNE KÜÜDITAMIST – KOMMUNISTIDE POOLT HÄVITAMISELE MÄÄRATUD INIMESED
BEFORE THE DEPORTATION – THE PEOPLE WHO
WERE DESIGNATED TO BE DESTROYED BY COMMUNISTS
Allpool on esitatud valik juuniküüditamise eelseid fotosid,
eesmärgiga tutvustada piiratud mahus neid inimesi, kes on käesoleva raamatu
nimekirjades. Püüame tutvustada isikuid, keda nõukogude okupatsioonivõim pidas
vajalikuks hävitada. Ellujäänud ja Eestisse naasnud perekonnaliikmetele või
sugulastele on siin esitatud fotod väga kallid. Neid antakse raske südamega arvutisse
skaneerimiseks. Mõnikord ei soovitagi kurbi mälestusi raamatus avaldada. Enamik pilte,
nagu nende valdajadki, on tapikorras kaasa teinud sõidu Venemaa sügavustesse, paljud
isegi kaks korda. Aastakümnete jooksul sundasumise ebainimlikes tingimustes viibides on
neid fotosid siiski õnnestunud säilitada.
aljud analoogilised fotod on sidunud meid kodumaaga, ergutanud lootust pöörduda ükskord
taas koju. Leidub selliseidki fotosid, mida Eestisse jäänud omaksed on aastakümneid
peitnud repressiivorganite eest kui ohtlikke tõendeid sidemetest nõukogudevastase
elemendiga. Kahjuks on siin vähe fotosid neist inimestest, keda küüditati Kesk- ja
Lõuna-Eestist Tomski oblastisse. Rohkem leidub fotosid Kirovi (Vjatka) oblastisse viidud
Tallinna ja saarte elanikest. Teatavasti asub ERRB Tallinna Memento juures ning seega on
kergem laenutada avaldamisele kuuluvaid pilte just Tallinnast või kasutada fotosid
autorite eneste või nende lähedaste tuttavate albumist.
Käesoleva pildikogumi oluliseks puuduseks on asjaolu, et puuduvad fotod sellistest Eestist Venemaale viidud elujõulistest peredest, kes seal viimseni maha lasti või julma sundrežiimiga olmetingimustes hävitat
Fotodel olevad perekonnad ja üksikisikud kuulusid represseerimisele vastavalt ÜK(b)P KK ja NSVL RKN ühisotsusele nr. 1299-526 cc 14. maist 1941 “Sotsiaalselt võõra elemendi väljasaatmise kohta Balti vabariikidest, Lääne-Ukrainast, Lääne-Valgevenest ja Moldaaviast” [Kultuur ja Elu 3, 1988, lk. 11 eesti keeles / ERAF, SM f. 17/2, n.1, s.-ü. 306, lk. 21 vene keeles].
Below is presented a selection of photos taken before
the June’41 deportation with the aim of acquainting the reader, albeit in a limited
scope, with the people who are in the lists in this book. We shall try to introduce to you
the people whom the Soviet occupational authorities deemed necessary to destroy. The
photos presented here are very dear to the survivors and the family members and relatives
who managed to return to Estonia. With heavy hearts they provided these pictures for
computer scanning. Sometimes they do not even want to publish these sad recollections. The
majority of these photos, along with their owners, were sent as prisoners into the deepest
regions of Russia, many even twice. Having been kept for decades in inhuman conditions of
forced settlement, these pictures were still carefully preserved.
Many such photos served as our connection with homeland, keeping our faith that one day
we come home. There are some pictures that for decades were secretly kept by relatives who
stayed in Estonia, hidden from repressive organs as dangerous proof of connections with
anti-soviet elements.
Unfortunately, there are few photos here of the people who were deported from Central
and Southern Estonia to Tomsk Oblast. There are more pictures of the inhabitants of
Tallinn and the islands who were taken to Kirov (Vjatka) Oblast. Because ERRB is an
affiliate of Memento in Tallinn, it is of course easier to borrow photos for publication
in Tallinn or use pictures from albums of the book’s authors or their relatives.
The essential drawback of this picture collection is the fact that there is a lack of
photos from strong families taken from Estonia to Russia and shot there, all of them, or
destroyed in the circumstances of severe conditions of imprisonment.
The families and individuals on the photos were designated for repression according to
the joint decision nr. 1299-526 by Union of Soviet Socialist Republics’ Communist
(bolshevik) Party’s Central Committee and Union of Soviet Socialist Republics’
Council of People’s Commissars on May, 14th, 1941 entitled
“Concerning deportations of socially foreign elements from the Baltic republics,
Western Ukraine, Western Byelorussia and Moldavia” [Kultuur ja Elu 3, 1988, lk. 11 in
Estonia / ERAF, SM f. 17/2, n.1, s.-ü. 306, l. 21 in Russian].
Allpool on kasutatud lühendatud viidet “ÜK(b)P KK ja
NSVL RKN ühisotsus”. Selle täiesti salajase ühisotsuse alusel kuulusid
väljasaatmisele 9 kategooriasse liigitatud isikud värskelt okupeeritud aladelt Soome
lahest kuni Musta mereni. Väljasaatmine toimus perioodil maist [Sabbo 1996, lk. 793
/ VFRA f. 9479, n. 1 c, s.-ü. 87, l. 143] kuni augustini 1941. Varem koostatud ning
ka hiljem lisatud kulakute väljasaatmise plaanide täitmine jätkus pärast sõda kuni
Stalini surmani 1953.
Rakendusliku “Beria meetmete plaaniga” 11.–14.06.41 ja NSVL Riikliku
Julgeoleku rahvakomissari kokkuvõttes Stalinile, Molotovile ja Beriale 17.06.41,
liigitati väljasaadetud arreteeritud perekonnapeadeks ja sundasumisele viidud
perekonnaliikmeteks; neid kokku loeti represseerituteks [vt D. 17, D.11 ja D. 22 peatükis
1.1.]. Nendest ligi sajast tuhandest 1941. aastal represseeritust näeme allpool esitatud
fotodel vaid Eestist väljasaadetud inimesi ja neidki vaid paarsada. Meie fotodel olevad
isikutegrupid ja üksikisikud kuulusid represseerimisele valdavalt kategooriate 1,2,3 või
4 alusel.
Väljasaatmisele kuulunud isikute 9 kategooria täistekstid on avaldatud eesti keeles
Kultuur ja Elu 3, 1998, lk. 11 ja venekeelne tekst on dokumendikoopial käesoleva raamatu
peatükis 4.1. Nende kategooriate tekste on kasutatud pildialusteks selgitusteks.
Below is used the shortened reference “Joint
decision by USSR C(b)P CC and USSR CPC”. On the basis of this top secret joint
decision for deportation were designated the persons divided into 9 categories from the
recently occupied areas from the Finnish Gulf to the Black Sea. Deportations took place
from May [Sabbo 1996, lk. 793/VFRA f. 9479, n. 1 c, s.-ü. 87, l. 143] until
August of 1941. The implementation of previously compiled and the later added plans to
deport the kulaks continued after the war and until Stalin’s death in 1953.
In the practical “Beria’s plan of measures” 11.–14.06.1941 and USSR
State Security People’s Commissar’s summary for Stalin, Molotov and Beria
17.06.1941 the deportees were divided into the arrested family heads and the family
members sent into forced settlement; together they were accounted for as repressed persons
[see D. 17, D.11 and D. 22 in Chapter 1.1.]. From among these almost 100,000 repressed in
1941 persons on the photos presented below we can see only those people who were deported
from Estonia, and even these are here only a few hundred. Groups and individuals shown on
our pictures were designated for repressions on the basis of their belonging to categories
1, 2, 3 or 4 of the above mentioned classification.
The complete texts of the 9 categories of persons designated for deportation were
published in Estonian in the magazine Kultuur ja Elu 3, 1998, page 11 and a document copy
of the Russian-language text can be found in Chapter 4.1 of this book. The texts of these
categories are used in the notes below the photos.
Perekond Palvadre Eestis enne küüditamist,
1937. Vasakult ema Gerta, isa Anton (mõisteti surma) ning tütred Aime ja Lea.
A. Palvadre oli EV õiguskantsler õiguskantsler 1938–1940, varem korduvalt
Riigikogu liige, Riigikohtu aseesimees, minister. See perekond kuulus represseerimisele
ÜK(b)P KK ja NSVL RKN ühisotsuses ettenähtud isikute 3. kategooria alusel “Endised
mõisnikud, kaupmehed, vabrikandid ja endised kodanlike valitsuste kõrgemad ametnikud
koos pere-kondadega”. Seisuga 26.05.1941 oli ENSV RJRK-s arvele võetud ja Moskva
orjaturule välja pakutud 2100 perekonnapead pluss perekonnaliikmed ainuüksi 3.
kategooria järgi [Sabbo 1996, lk. 761 / VFRA f. 9479, n. 1c, s.-ü. 87, l. 189].
The Palvadre family in Estonia before the
deportation, 1937. From left to right: mother Gerta, father Anton (condemned to death) and
daughters Aime and Lea. A. Palvadre was Justice Chancellor in 1938-1940, earlier
several times member of the Parliament, Vice Chairman of the Parliament, minister. This
family was designated for repression on the basis of the joint decision by USSR C(b)P CC
and USSR CPC as belonging to category 3 “Former estate owners, traders, factory
owners and former bourgeois governments’ high officials and their families”. As
of 26.05.1941, ESSR People’s Commissariat for State Security accounted for and
offered to Moscow’s “slave market” 2100 family heads and family members in
category 3 alone[Sabbo 1996, lk. 761 / VFRA f. 9479, n. 1c, s.-ü. 87, l. 189].
Fotod L. Palvadre kogust / Photos from
L. Palvadre’s collection
Uue 1939. aasta vastuvõtt. Vasakult Heinrich
Luberg (surnud laagris 1943), Alma Õunapuu (küüditatud 1941-1954), Voldemar Toomingas,
Juhanson, Jaan Piiskar (surmaotsus, surn. 19.12.41), Ella Rosalie Luberg (küüditatud
Venemaale 1941-1957).
Seeing in the new year 1939. From the left
Heinrich Luberg (died in a camp in 1943), Alma Õunapuu (deported 1941-1954) Voldemar
Toomingas, Juhanson, Jaan Piiskar (death sentence, died 19/12/41) Ella Rosalie Luberg
(deported to Russia in 1941-1957)
Foto Ivi Luberg-Pinni kogust / Photo from
Ivi Luberg-Pinn’s collection
Perekond Luberg oma maja trepil 1939. aasta
suvel, kust nad 14.06.41 küüditati. Vasakult Heinrich, Tiia, Ella-Rosalie ja Ivi.
The Lubergs on the steps of their house in the
summer of 1939 where they were deported from on 14 June 1941. Starting from the left
Heinrich, Tiia, Ella-Rosalie and Ivi.
Foto Ivi Luberg-Pinni kogust / Photo from
Ivi Luberg-Pinn’s collection
Perekond Tomasson enne küüditamist 12.04.1936
Tallinnas. Vasakult Salme, Uuno, isa Johannes ja Milvi. Isa suri Sverdlovski oblasti
vangilaagris aprillis 1943.
The Tomasson family before deportation
12.04.1936 in Tallinn. From left to right: Salme, Uuno, father Johannes and Milvi. Father
died in a Sverdlovsk Oblast prison camp in april, 1943.
Foto S. Tomassoni kogust / Photo from
S. Tomasson’s collection
Kommunistide terrori ohver tööstur Johannes
Tomasson 1939. aastal ja tema Eesti Vabariigi passi esimesed leheküljed.
Victim of the communist campaign of terror,
industrialist Johannes Tomasson in 1939 and first pages of his Estonian Republic Passport.
Foto ja pass U. Tomassoni valduses / The
photo and the passport from U. Tomasson’s possessions
Vasakult Milvi Tomasson, vanaisa Jaan Tuum ja
Uuno Tomasson Tallinnas, 1937. Vanaisa ei kuulunud küüditatute hulka.
From left to right: Milvi Tomasson,
grandfather Jaan Tuum and Uuno Tomason in Tallinn, 1937. Grandfather was not deported.
Foto S. Tomassoni kogust / Photo from
S. Tomasson’s collection
Vabadussõjas 1918–1920 karastunud sõprus,
mis jätkus Tartu Ülikoolis juurat õppides, Eesti Vabariiki ülesehitades hiljem
ministriks ja töösturiks jõudes ja mille lõpetas NSV Liidu repressiivorgani NKVD julm,
kohtuta mõrv Sverdlovski sisevanglas 13. aprillil 1942. Ka O. Kask hukati
Sverdlovski oblastis samal kuupäeval. Minister Oskar Kask (istub) oli saanud 44- ja
tööstur Voldemar Virkus 45-aastaseks.
That was the friendship that tempered during
the War of Independence 1918-1920, which continued during the study years at Tartu
University and the workman years as a minister and a manufacturer and which was ended by a
remorseless and lawless murder by the Soviet Union KGB repressive organs in Sverdlovsk
prison on 13 April 1942. Also O. Kask was executed in Sverdlovsk Oblast on the same
day, 13.04.1942.At that moment Minister Oskar Kask was 44 and manufacturer Voldemar Virkus
was 45.
Foto V. Virkuse kogust / Photo from
V. Virkus’ collection
1941. aastal Tomski oblasti Tšainski
rajooni küüditatud Virkuste perekonna maja (~400 m2) Lelle asulas, umbes
1930–1931.
House of the Virkus family (~400 m2)
in Lelle settlement, picture taken in 1930 or 1931. The family was deported in 1941 to
Tomsk Oblast, Tšainsk Region.
Fotod V. Virkuse kogust / Photos from
V. Virkus’ collection
Perekond Leevald 16.02.37 Valgas (küüditati
14.06.41). Vasakult Riina, ema Alide, Maie (ema süles) ja Ants. Neid viidi Tomski oblasti
kõige põhjapoolsemasse Aleksandrovski rajooni.
Family Leevald 16.02.37 in Valga (deported
14.06.41). From left to right: Riina, mother Alide, Maie (in mother’s arms) and Ants.
They were taken to Tomsk Oblast, the northernmost Aleksandrovsk Region.
Foto Riina Leevaldi kogust / Photo from Riina
Leevald’s collection
1895 sündinud politseikonstaabel Gustav Talve
enne arreteerimist. Suri 21.10.41 Sosva laagris. Tugev terve mees pidas hävitamisele
määratud isikute vangilaagri ebainimlikes tingimustes vastu vaid 4 kuud.
Police constable Gustav Talve (born in 1895)
before he was arrested. Died 21.10.41 in Sosva camp. This strong, healthy man lasted only
4 months in the inhuman conditions of the camp for persons designated for extermination.
Foto G. Talve kogust / Photo from
G. Talve’s collection
Tapa Keskkooli juures enne represseerimist 1941.
Vasakult esimene hilisem skulptor Kalju Reitel (arr. 19.12.50), teine hilisem
Tallinna Tehnikaülikooli dotsent Leo Talve (küüd. 14.06.41).
At Tapa Secondary School before repression in
1941. The first from the left: Kalju Reitel (arr. on 19 Dec. 1950), later a sculptor;
the second: Leo Talve (dep. on 14 June 1941), later Dozent at Tallinn Technical
University.
Foto G. Talve kogust / Photo from
G. Talve’s collection
Salme Noor (s. 1894), halastajaõde Eesti
Vabadussõjas, ja leitnant Karl Noor (1896) Vabadussõja lõppedes 1920. Mõlemad
arreteeriti Haapsalus 14.06.41, mõlemad mõisteti surma ja hukati Sosva surmalaagris
24.04.42 ja 09.03.42.
Salme Noor (born 1894), who was a nurse during
the War of Independence, and Lieutenant Karl Noor (born 1986) at the end of the war in
1920. They were both arrested at Haapsalu on 14 June 1941, both were condemned to death
and killed at Sosva extermination camp on 24 April 1942 and 09 March 1942.
Foto H. Noore kogust / Photo from H. Noor’s collection
Alma Toom, suri Nagorskis märtsis 1945. Tema
9-aastane tütar Vaike jäi Õispuude peresse ja hiljem lastekodu vahendusel pääses
tagasi Eestisse 1946.
Alma Toom, died in Nagorsk in March 1945. Her
9-year-old daughter Vaike stayed with the Õispuu family and later via a children’s
home got back to Estonia in 1946.
Foto E. Palmipuu kogust / Photo from
E Palmipuu’s collection
Vilsandi saare tuletorn, päästejaam, lindude
kaitseala keskus, elamu, võõrastemaja – vene sõjavägi ajas eestlastest pererahva
siit esmalt lihtsalt suurele Saaremaale ja hiljem 14.06.41 küüditas Venemaale. Venemaalt
tuli tagasi vaid vaeslapsest tütar. Foto aastast 1940.
Vilsandi Lighthouse, the saving station, the
centre of the bird sanctuary, a house and the inn. The Russian army drove away the
inhabitants, first to Saaremaa and later to Russia (14 June 1941). The only person to
return was the orphanaged daughter. Photo from 1940.
Foto L. Õispuu kogust / Photo from L. Õispuu’s collection